Ovarian Reserve – the number and qualtity of eggs a woman has available when she tries to become pregnant – is the major factor that links age and infertility.

Primordial cells that will become eggs (oocytes) begin to develop in the human fetus by the 7th week of gestation, and the total number peaks at 20 weeks gestation. From a peak of 6 to 7 million, the oocyte number declines to about 350,000 by birth. By puberty, 200,000 follicles on average (fluid filled sacs in the ovary that contain oocytes) remain in a woman’s ovaries.
From puberty to menopause, 99.9% of oocytes are lost due to the monthly process of the reproductive organs, which includes the selection of one oocyte for possible fertilization while others that have developed during that month are victims of apoptosis (programmed cell death). This decades-long process is, in fact, the body’s natural progression to eventual ovarian failure and infertility.